 Hamid Karzai was born on December 24, 1957 in the village of Karz, near Kandahar, Afghanistan.
His grandfather, Khair Mohammad Khan, had served in Afghanistan’s war of independence and as Deputy Speaker of the Senate. His father, Abdul Ahad Karzai, was a Popalzai tribal elder and a significant political figure who served as Deputy Speaker of the Parliament during the 1960s.
Hamid Karzai studied at Mahmood Hotaki Elementary School, Sayed Jamaluddin Afghani School, and Habibia High School. After graduating high school in 1976, he traveled to India as an exchange student and was accepted by the International Relations and Political Science M.A. program at Simla University. He obtained his Master’s Degree in 1983, shortly after the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan.
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 Mohammad Karim Khalili was born into a religious and well respected family in the Behsud district of Maidan Wardak in 1950.
After graduating from high school at his birth place, he moved to Kabul to continue his religious studies.
In 1979, Mr. Khalili joined the Sazman-i Nasr party and took active part in the Mujahiddin resistance against the Soviet occupation of this homeland. Shortly after, in 1981, Mr. Khalili became the Director of the Central Office of Nasr in Tehran, where he was responsible for coordinating international support towards the cause of the Mujahiddin. During this time, Mr. Khalili participate in a large number of international conferences and seminars on Afghanistan to gather support for struggle of the Afghan people.
In 1987, Mr. Khalili became a member of the Islamic Coalition Council of Afghanistan and, subsequently, its Speaker.
After the formation of the Mujahideen Transitional Government, Mr. Khalili served as Finance Minister. He also joined the National Unity Party (Hez-e-Wahdat) and served as a member of its Central Council and, following, the parties Resident Representative and Spokesperson in Pakistan.
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Mohammad Fahim Qasim was born in the Umarz villay of Panjsher Province in 1957.
After completing primary education at his birthplace, he pursued his secondary studies in Islamic Sharia at Kabul’s Arabic Studies Institute.
With the communist coup in 1978, Mr. Fahim took his family to Pakistan and, after ensuring their safety, came back to Afghanistan to join the Mujahedeen in Kunar province and started his struggle against the Soviet-backed regime. In the same year, Mr. Fahim went to Panjsher and along with the late Ahmad Shah Masoud and founded the Mujahideen Association in Panjsher. As a commander of the Mujahideen, he was essential for the operational expansion throughout Afghanistan.
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